[영어로 읽는 세기의 名연설] ⑥ 윈스턴 처칠의 영국 의회연설(1940년5월13일)

“I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat.”

⊙ 연설의 배경

이 연설은 윈스턴 처칠이 수상직을 맡고 나서 며칠뒤 의회에서 한 것이다.

당시 상황은 히틀러의 나치 독일군이 네덜란드 벨기에 룩셈부르크를 거쳐 프랑스를 향해 진격하고 있을 때다.

처칠은 이 연설에서 나치 독일의 팽창력이 극에 달하고 영국의 운명이 경각에 달린 시점에서 앞으로 닥쳐올 고난과 희생의 세월에 대비하도록 국민들에게 경고하고 호소하고 있다.

2차 대전이 일어나지 않았더라면 처칠은 수상이 되지 못하고 평범한 정치인으로 끝났을 것이라는 말이 있을 만큼 처칠은 2차대전과 뗄 수 없는 인물이다.

그의 웅변적인 명연설은 영국인들로 하여금 투지와 열정을 일으키게 한 것으로 유명하다.

⊙ 원문 읽기

On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a new administration.

It was the evident will of' Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.

I have already completed the most important part of this task.

A war cabinet has been formed of five members，representing，with the Labour，Opposition，and Liberals，the unity of the nation.

It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events.

Other key positions were filled yesterday.

I am submitting a further list to the king tonight.

I hope to complete the appointment of principal ministers during tomorrow.

The appointment of other ministers usually takes a little longer.

I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects.I considered it in the public interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today.

At the end of today's proceedings，the adjournment of the House will be proposed until May 21 with provision for earlier meeting if need be.

Business for that will be notified to MPs at the earliest opportunity.

I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken and declare its confidence in the new government.

The resolution:

"That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible resolve of the nation to prosecute the war with Germany to a victorious conclusion."

To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself.

But we are in the preliminary phase of one of the greatest battles in history.

We are in action at many other points－in Norway and in Holland－and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean.

The air battle is continuing，and many preparations have to be made here at home.

In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today，and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or former colleagues who are affected by the political reconstruction will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.

I say to the House as I said to ministers who have joined this government，I have nothing to offer but blood，toil，tears，and sweat.

We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind.

We have before us many，many months of struggle and suffering.

You ask，what is our policy？

I say it is to wage war by land，sea，and air.

War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us，and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime.

That is our policy.

You ask，what is our aim？

I can answer in one word.

It is victory.

Victory at all costs － Victory in spite of all terrors － Victory，however long and hard the road may be，for without victory there is no survival.

Let that be realized.

No survival for the British Empire，no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for，no survival for the urge，the impulse of the ages，that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.

I take up my task in buoyancy and hope.

I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.

I feel entitled at this juncture，at this time，to claim the aid of all and to say，"Come then，let us go forward together with our united strength."

▶ Verb & Idioms

adjournment : 연기

preliminary : 사전적인, 예비의

ordeal : 시련, 고난

buoyancy : 부력, 회복하는 힘

juncture : 접합, 연결 접속

⊙ 윈스턴 처칠(1874~1965년)

영국인이 생각하는 가장 위대한 영국인으로 꼽히는 인물이다.

샌드허스트 육군사관학교를 졸업했으며 육군장관 해군장관 총리를 역임했다.

그는 1953년 제2차 세계대전으로 노벨문학상을 받았다.

정치 · 경제학에 정통한 것은 물론，어려움 속에서도 재치와 유머로 상황을 반전시키곤 했다.

그가 한 다른 연설에서 자주 인용되는 대목으로 "과거와 현재가 싸우도록 버려두면 미래를 잃게 될 것이다"가 있다 (If we open a quarrel between the past and the present, We shall find that we have lost the future)

오춘호 한국경제신문 연구위원 ohchoon@hankyung.com